Hot-water heating system.



Patented May s, 1910.

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HARRY LEE BRUCE, 0F PORTLAND, OREGON.

HOT-WATER HEATING SYSTEM.

Speccaton of Letters Patent.

Patented May 3, 1910.

Application led March 1, 1909. Serial No. 480,786.

To all 'whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HARRY LEE BRUCE, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Portland, in the county of Multnomah and State of Oregon, have invented a new and useful mprovement in Hot-l/Vater Heating Systems, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings as constituting a part thereof.

My invention has for its object to provide an etlicient heating apparatus comprising a short primary circuit of water circulating directly from and to the boiler and a secondary circuit of water which is heated by the primary circuit passing therethrough, and to include in such apparatus means for insuring a uniform supply of water in the primary circuit by equalizing the expansion and contraction thereof due to the opposite extremes in temperature between its outleading and inleading courses, and to insure further that the water, in that end of the secondary heating circuit with which the radiators are connected, will be constantly maintained at a high temperature and be unaected, to any great extent, by t-he comparatively low temperature of the return end of the secondary circuit.

My improvement is carried out in practice by making the primary circuit. a pipe issuing from and returning to the boiler, and leading such primary circuit pipe through a horizontally positioned pipe of larger cross section, which pipe constitutes the casing for the heating chamber of the secondary circuit with which the radiator pipes are connected.

Figure 1 shows a diagrammatic representation of the installation of my improvement in a building; it being understood that parts not shown, for example the stand pipe and expansion tank in the upper part of the building, are understood to be provided as usual; Fig. 2 is a larger scale, sectional detail of the left end of the secondary heating chamber, and of the corresponding portion of the primary circuit pipe, and also shows a portion of the return pipe connecting the radiator with the left or return end of the secondary heating chamber; and Fig. 3 is a sectional detail illustrating the arrangement of the parts at the right end of the secondary heating chamber.

From the top of the boiler, a, extends the primary circuit pipe, b, from which the courses'b, b2, b3 lead back to the boiler. This pipe, as will be noted, is of short circuit, and the water therein circulated Will, in consequence, be of high heating etliciency. The horizont-.al course Z9 of the pipe b is inclosed by a pipe or jacket c, of larger diameter, which constitutes the casing of the water heating chamber of the secondary circuit of my system, and the ends of said casing e are closed by any convenient means adapted to have the primary circuit pipe extended therethrough. At the top of the right end of the secondary heating chamber e is connected a riser it, leading to the radiators g in t-he upper stories of the building, and the bottom of the left end of t-he secondary heating chamber c is connected by a pendent course f2 of the return pipe 7 leading from the radiators g. The end 7 of the pipe f extends to another radiator, or other connection of the circulating system, as usual.

i is an equalizing pipe connecting the outleading and inleading courses of the primary circuit pipe b, as common in heating systems of the character described.

The details of construction not particularly described are understood to be approximately arranged as usual in a type of hot water heating system diagrammat-ically illustrated by Fig. l. y

The course b of the primary circuit pipe b, inclosed by the casing of the secondary heating chamber e, has two orices, one c at the top of its right end, and the other d at the bottom of its left end. The top opening c is located at the upper end of the perpendicular section of the pipe b, being thus located nearest the boiler, and the bottom opening Z is preferably located approximately over the point of connection of the course f2 of the return pipe f with the casing c. The purpose of the orifices c, Z is to provide an outlet and inlet from and into the course o of the primary circuit, and in so doing to take care of and equalize the incidental expansion and contraction of the water in such primary circuit.

It is to be noted that by reason of the considerable length, the comparatively small cross sectional area, and the horizontal position of the heating chamber of the secondary circuit, and the fact that the hottest and coolest water portions therein contained are located at the opposite ends of said heating chamber and separated from each other by an intervening volume of water, t-hat end of the heating' chamber e to which the pipe z., leading out to the radiators, is connected will always be very hot, and thus effective heating conditions are assured.

j represents a section ot the tiooring through which the radiator pipe is led from the secondary circuit.

It is to be noted that the outlet oriiice, c, of the primary circuit pipe is located in the hottest portion of the secondary heat-ing chamber, and the intake orifice, (Z, at the coolest end of the latter; so that if, by eX- cessive heat and consequent expansion, water is expelled through orilice c, which has a tendency to cause a corresponding contraction and partial vacuum at the opposite end ot the primary circuit pipe, a compensating portion ot' water is drawn in Vthrough orifice Z from the secondary heating chamber. This arrangement assures a constant volume of water in the primary circuit pipe. Furthermore, my improvement has this advantage, that the boiler does not need such close attention to avoid excessive temperature, since the latter is taken care of by me as described.

I claim:

l. In a hot Water heating system, a boiler, a short primary circuit pipe leading directly from and to the boiler, a casing encompassing the intermediate course of the primary circuit pipe, and constituting a secondary heating chamber, a radiator and out-'leading and in-leading connect-ions between the secondary heating chamber and the radiator; and the section of the primary circuit pipe within the secondary heating' chamber provided with outlet and inlet oriices located relative to -the hottest and coolest portions of said primary circuit, for the purpose set orth.

2. In a hot water heating system, a boiler, a short primary circuit pipe leading directly from and to the boiler and including a hori- Zontal intermediate course; a pipe-like casing encompassing the intermediate course of the Yprimary circuit pipe, and constituting a secondary heating chamber, a radiator and out-leading and in-leading connections between the secondary heating chamber and the radiator; and the section of the primary circuit pipe within the secondary heating chamber provided with outlet and inlet oriiices located relative to the hottest and coolest portions of said primary circuit, for the purpose set forth.

3. In a hot water heating system, a boiler, a short primary circuit pipe leading directly from and to the boiler; a casing encompassing the intermediate course ot' the primary circuit pipe, and constituting a secondary 'heating chamber, a radiator and outleading and in-leading connections between the secondary heating chamber and the radiator; and the section of the primary circuit pipe within Jthe secondary heating chamber provided with outlet and inlet orifices, said orifices and said out-leading and iii-leading radiator connections located relative to vthe hottest and coolest portions-of said primary circuit, for the purpose set forth.

4. In a hot water heating system,a boiler, a short primary circuit pipe'leading directly from and to the boiler and including a horizontal intermediate course; a pipe-like casing-encompassing `the intermediatecourse of the Aprimary circuit pipe, andconstituting a secondary heating chamber, a radiator and out-leading and in-leading connections between the secondary heat-ing -chamber and t-he radiator; and the section of the lprimary circuit pipe within the secondary heating chamber provided with outlet and inlet oriiices, said orifices and said out-leading and iii-leading radiator connections located relativeto the hottest and coolest portions of said primary circuit, `for the :purpose set forth.

HARRY LEE BRUCE.

Vitnesses S. H. Harinas, CECIL LONG. 

